1.1 Concepts of distillation and application
1.2 Vapor-liquid equilibrium relationship
1.2.1 Raoult’s law
1.2.2 Boiling point diagram
1.3 Single stage distillation
1.4 Simple distillation methods
1.4.1 Equilibrium or flash distillation
1.4.2 Batch or differential distillation
1.5 Continuous distillation
1.5.1 Process description
1.5.2 Number of theoretical stages and composition in each stage using McCabe-Thiele method and Lewis-Sorel method
1.5.3 Minimum reflux ratio and total reflux
1.5.4 Tray efficiencies
1.6 Multicomponent distillation
1.6.1 Equilibrium data in multicomponent distillation
1.6.2 Boiling point, dew point and flash distillation
1.6.3 Total and Minimum Reflux Ratio for Multicomponent Distillation
1.6.4 Shortcut Method for Number of Stages at Operating Reflux Ratio

2.1 Concepts of liquid-liquid extraction and application
2.2 Single–stage equilibrium extraction
2.3 Multi-stage countercurrent extraction
2.3.1 Ternary phase diagram
2.3.2 Partially miscible liquid
2.3.3 Fully immiscible liquid
2.4 Liquid-liquid extraction equipment

3.1 Concepts of leaching and application
3.2 Equilibrium relation in leaching
3.3 Single–stage leaching
3.4 Multi-stage countercurrent leaching
3.4.1 Variable underflow
3.4.2 Constant underflow
3.5 Leaching equipment

4.1 Introduction and types of membrane separation processes
4.1.1 Classification of membrane process
4.2 Liquid permeation membrane
4.2.1 Series resistance in membrane process
4.2.2 Dialysis processes
4.3 Gas permeation membrane
4.3.1 Types of equipment for gas permeation membrane
4.3.2 Types of flow in gas permeation membrane

5.1 Introduction of crystallization and types of crystals
5.2 Crystallization theory
5.2.1 Nucleation theories
5.2.2 Supersaturation
5.3 Equilibrium solubility
5.4 Yields, heat and mass balances
5.5 Equipment for crystallization

A1 : A separation process refers to a method used to separate a mixture into its individual components or phases.