1.1. Introduction to site investigation, scope and objectives of site investigation.
1.2. Method of exploration and soil sampling.
1.3. Insitu testing and data interpretation for SPT, CPT, JKR & Mackintosh Probe, Vane Shear Test and Geophysical Testing.

2.1. Description of the total stress, effective stress and overburden pressures of soil.
2.2. Concept of soil response to stress; elastic and plastic behavior.
2.3. Analysis of vertical stresses induced in the soil mass due to point load, line load, strip load (uniform & triangular shape), uniformly loaded circular and rectangular area using Boussinesq’s Theory and Fadum's Chart. Factors effecting vertical stresses.

3.1. Introduction to lateral earth pressures at rest, active and passive conditions.
3.2. Analysis the lateral earth pressure using Rankine’s Theory. Illustrate lateral earth pressure diagram. Determination of total resultant thrust acting towards retaining wall and its position.

4.1. Types of foundation
4.2. Definition of bearing capacity terms and formula. An overview of basic requirement, types and failure modes of shallow foundation (bearing capacity failure).
4.3. Terzaghi’s analysis of bearing capacity for strip, circular, square and rectangular footing. Effect of ground water table to the soil bearing capacity.

5.1. Types of slope failures; falls, flows and slides (translational and rotational).
5.2. An introduction of slope failure due to rise of ground water table and infiltration.
5.3. Total stress analysis (undrained stability).
5.4. Effective stress analysis using Method of Slices (i.e.; Ordinary Slice Method)
5.5. Slope protection works and strengthening systems.

A1 : Soil is the main medium as foundation of a structure or infrastructure. Hence, to design a safe and economical foundation, students shall be exposed to the basic knowledge of concepts in solving problems regarding to soil engineering.

A2 : Part 5 students from Diploma in Civil Engineering, who have passed the course ECG243 (Soil Mechanics).