ANIMAL AND PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

About this Course

This subject focus on the structures, functions and processes of selected biological systems in animals and plants.

Course Learning Outcomes

1) Explain the structure and physiology of animals and plants.
2) Perform (plan, conduct and analyse) scientific investigations in area of animals and plants physiology.
3) Demonstrate verbally and in writing, information related to animals and plants physiology articulately, and with relevant references.

Course Syllabus

+ Course Syllabus

1) Homeostasis and Excretory System (CLO1, CLO2, CLO3)
- Introduction to animal systems
- Maintaining the internal environment - thermoregulation, glucose level, osmoregulation
- Forms of nitrogenous wastes
- Excretory systems - protonephridia, metanephridia, Malpighian tubules, kidney

2) Respiratory System (CLO1, CLO2, CLO3)
- Characteristics of respiratory surfaces
- Respiration in fish - gills, countercurrent exchange
- Respiration in insect - tracheal system
- Respiration in amphibians - skin and lungs
- Respiration in birds - lungs
- Respiration in mammals - lungs, breathing mechanism, tidal volume, vital capacity, residual volume

3) Circulatory and Transport System (CLO1, CLO2, CLO3)
- Open and closed circulatory system
- Characteristics of blood vessels
- Single and double circulatory system
- Carbon dioxide and oxygen transport

4) Digestive System (CLO1, CLO2, CLO3)
- Types of feeding - suspension feeder, fluid feeder, substrate feeder, bulk feeder
- Stages of food processing - ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination
- Human digestive system - structure and processes
- The digestion of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins and explain how the products of digestion are absorbed.

5) Immune System (CLO1, CLO3)
- Innate immunity (nonspecific immunity) - first line defense mechanism, phagocytic cells, natural killer cells, antimicrobial proteins, inflammatory response
- Adaptive immunity (specific response) - humoral and cell-mediated immunity

6) Nervous System (CLO1, CLO3)
- Organization of nervous system
- Neuron – structure and function
- Transmitting information along the neuron
- Neural signaling across synapse

7) Endocrine System (CLO1, CLO3)
- Chemical signaling - autocrine, paracrine, endocrine, synaptic
- Chemical classes of hormones
- Major human endocrine glands, their hormones and functions

8) Skeletal and Muscular System (CLO1, CLO3)
- Types of skeleton - hydroskeleton, exoskeleton, endoskeleton
- Ultrastructure of muscle
- Physiology of muscle contraction

9) Reproduction in Animals (CLO1, CLO3)
- Asexual and sexual reproduction
- Internal and external fertilization
- Oviparity, ovoviviparity, viviparity

10) Plants Reproduction and Growth (CLO1, CLO2, CLO3)
- Asexual reproduction
- Sexual reproduction – structure of flower, pollination, double fertilization, germination
- Primary and secondary growth

11) Transport in Vascular Plant (CLO1, CLO2, CLO3)
- Uptake and transport of water and minerals
- Uptake and transport of organic substances

12) Plant Hormones (CLO1, CLO3)
- Types of plant hormones and its functions

13) Plant Response to Stimuli (CLO1, CLO3)
- Response to light
- Response to a wide variety of stimulus other than light

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1 : Who can enroll in this course?
A1 : Anyone