Course Syllabus
Genetic Inheritance and Genetic Control
1.1 Mendelian Genetics
1.1.1 Monohybrid inheritance
1.1.2 Dihybrid inheritance
1.1.3 Extension of Mendelian genetics
1.2 DNA structure and replication
1.3 Protein synthesis: transcription and translation
1.3.1 Transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes
1.3.2 Translation: initiation, elongation and termination steps
1.4 Gene regulation and expression
1.5 Mutation
1.6 Population genetics
1.6.1 Gene population
1.6.2 Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Gene technology
2.1Recombinant DNA technology
2.1.1 Principle and methods
2.1.2 Gene library
2.1.3 cDNA cloning and cDNA library
2.1.4 Application of recombinant DNA technology
2.1.5 Gel electrophoresis
2.1.6 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Homeostasis
3.1 Definition, importance and mechanism of homeostasis
3.2 Negative feedback mechanism
3.2.1 Blood glucose regulation
3.2.2 Thermoregulation
3.2.3 Osmoregulation of human
3.2.3.1 Homeostatic organ
3.2.3.2 Formation of urine
3.2.3.3 Role of ADH and aldosterone
3.3 Positive feedback mechanism
Reproductive system
4.1 Types of reproduction in plants and animals
4.1.1 Asexual reproduction
4.1.2 Sexual Reproduction
4.2 Types of fertilization
4.2.1 External fertilization
4.2.2 Internal fertilization
4.3 Gametogenesis
4.3.1 Spermatogenesis
4.3.2 Spermiogenesis
4.3.3 Oogenesis
4.4 Human reproduction
4.4.1 Process of ovulation
4.4.2 Process of fertilization
4.4.3 Cleavage and blastula formation
4.4.4 Process of implantation
4.4.5 Parturition and lactation
Hormonal and Nervous Communication
5.1 Major endocrine glands and functions
5.2 Structure of neuron
5.3 Neuron transmission of impulse
5.3 Neuron transmission of impulse (continued)
5.4 Comparison between hormonal and nervous communication
Circulatory system
6.1 Open circulatory system and close circulatory system
6.2 Single circulation and double circulation
6.3 Structure and function of the heart and blood vessels
6.4 Heart circulation, cardiac cycle and cardiac output
6.4.1 ECG (normal and abnormal)
6.4.2 Factors affecting heartbeat
6.5 Cardiovascular disease
6.6 Blood pressure
6.7 Diseases related to lymphatic system
Immune system
7.1 Three lines of defence
7.1.1 External barrier
7.1.2 Internal defence
7.1.3 Third line of defence
7.1.3.1 Components of third line of defence
7.2 Process of humoral immune response and cell-mediated immune response
7.3 Homeostatic imbalance in the immune system
7.4 Infectious diseases
Respiratory system
8.1 Outline of the respiratory system
8.2 Structure of alveolus
8.2.1 Gas exchange between alveoli and blood capillaries
8.2.2 Oxygen dissociation curve of haemoglobin
8.3 Breathing cycle
8.4 Effect of smoking
8.4.1 Lung cancer
1.1 Mendelian Genetics
1.1.1 Monohybrid inheritance
1.1.2 Dihybrid inheritance
1.1.3 Extension of Mendelian genetics
1.2 DNA structure and replication
1.3 Protein synthesis: transcription and translation
1.3.1 Transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes
1.3.2 Translation: initiation, elongation and termination steps
1.4 Gene regulation and expression
1.5 Mutation
1.6 Population genetics
1.6.1 Gene population
1.6.2 Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Gene technology
2.1Recombinant DNA technology
2.1.1 Principle and methods
2.1.2 Gene library
2.1.3 cDNA cloning and cDNA library
2.1.4 Application of recombinant DNA technology
2.1.5 Gel electrophoresis
2.1.6 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Homeostasis
3.1 Definition, importance and mechanism of homeostasis
3.2 Negative feedback mechanism
3.2.1 Blood glucose regulation
3.2.2 Thermoregulation
3.2.3 Osmoregulation of human
3.2.3.1 Homeostatic organ
3.2.3.2 Formation of urine
3.2.3.3 Role of ADH and aldosterone
3.3 Positive feedback mechanism
Reproductive system
4.1 Types of reproduction in plants and animals
4.1.1 Asexual reproduction
4.1.2 Sexual Reproduction
4.2 Types of fertilization
4.2.1 External fertilization
4.2.2 Internal fertilization
4.3 Gametogenesis
4.3.1 Spermatogenesis
4.3.2 Spermiogenesis
4.3.3 Oogenesis
4.4 Human reproduction
4.4.1 Process of ovulation
4.4.2 Process of fertilization
4.4.3 Cleavage and blastula formation
4.4.4 Process of implantation
4.4.5 Parturition and lactation
Hormonal and Nervous Communication
5.1 Major endocrine glands and functions
5.2 Structure of neuron
5.3 Neuron transmission of impulse
5.3 Neuron transmission of impulse (continued)
5.4 Comparison between hormonal and nervous communication
Circulatory system
6.1 Open circulatory system and close circulatory system
6.2 Single circulation and double circulation
6.3 Structure and function of the heart and blood vessels
6.4 Heart circulation, cardiac cycle and cardiac output
6.4.1 ECG (normal and abnormal)
6.4.2 Factors affecting heartbeat
6.5 Cardiovascular disease
6.6 Blood pressure
6.7 Diseases related to lymphatic system
Immune system
7.1 Three lines of defence
7.1.1 External barrier
7.1.2 Internal defence
7.1.3 Third line of defence
7.1.3.1 Components of third line of defence
7.2 Process of humoral immune response and cell-mediated immune response
7.3 Homeostatic imbalance in the immune system
7.4 Infectious diseases
Respiratory system
8.1 Outline of the respiratory system
8.2 Structure of alveolus
8.2.1 Gas exchange between alveoli and blood capillaries
8.2.2 Oxygen dissociation curve of haemoglobin
8.3 Breathing cycle
8.4 Effect of smoking
8.4.1 Lung cancer
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1 : Is it essential to have previous knowledge in biology to enroll in this course?
A1 : Although it is not compulsory to have previous knowledge in biology, having previous knowledge in biology or other life sciences course may help a lot in this course. We highly suggest enrolling in Foundation Biology I before enrolling in this course.
A1 : Although it is not compulsory to have previous knowledge in biology, having previous knowledge in biology or other life sciences course may help a lot in this course. We highly suggest enrolling in Foundation Biology I before enrolling in this course.